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You know that nail salon smell? That sharp hit of chemicals, the strangely sweet scent of polish, the faint tingle in your nose? That’s air pollution, and it’s been linked to a variety of health effects experienced by the workers who breathe it. Nail salon workers commonly experience irritated skin and eyes, headaches, loss of smell and respiratory problems.  

Officials in some cities and states, including Washington, have introduced new regulations designed to better protect nail salon workers — a population that is 81% women, 79% foreign-born and typically earns low wages. 

But the mysteries around what, exactly, causes those potent smells make protecting these workers more difficult. Cosmetics manufacturers are rarely required to disclose what specific chemicals they use to scent their products, which has hindered efforts to better understand the air that salon workers breathe.  

Diana Ceballos, a UW assistant professor of environmental and occupational health sciences, set out to solve the mystery. In a study published June 19 in Atmospheric Pollution Research, Ceballos and her co-authors analyzed the air in a group of nail salons around Boston — where Ceballos previously worked at Harvard University — and identified 18 distinct fragrance chemicals. It’s the most comprehensive study to date of the specific fragrance chemical mixtures found in nail salon air, and will allow researchers to further study the potential health risks.

UW News sat down with Ceballos to discuss the findings of the study, the mysteries around fragrance chemicals and how to better protect nail salon workers’ health.  

Nail salons are a bit of a research specialty of yours. You’ve published papers on trace elements in nail polish, workers’ exposure to “old” solvents and metals as well as “new” harmful chemicals, and the presence of plasticizers in popular nail products. How did you come to focus on nail salons and their workers?  

Diana Ceballos: I started working on nail salons soon after I read a New York Times exposé back in 2015. It won all sorts of awards. When that story came out, it created havoc. I was working at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at the time, and the New York Health Department asked for technical assistance because they were horrified by the conditions in nail salons. I was put on the team partly because I’m an industrial hygienist, but also because I speak Spanish, and there are a lot of Spanish-speaking workers in these salons.  

Then my life changed, and I went back to academia. I just knew there was more we could be doing. There was just so little research in this area, it was incredible. So, I decided I wanted to focus on nail salons. In the meantime, a lot of other people had the same idea, so lots of different groups around the country and internationally have started working on this.  

What are fragrance chemicals, and what do we know about them?  

DC: Fragrances are added to nail salon products to create a desired smell — lotion that you want to smell like lavender, for example — but many fragrances are used to mask undesired smells. A lot of nail products have very strong, not-so-good smells, so companies add fragrances to mask those smells. But then you have even more scented chemicals in the air! 

A good number of fragrances are known sensitizers. That doesn’t only cause irritation on the skin, but, for example, some fragrances could trigger an asthma attack if inhaled. Or, if they’re a sensitizer, they could even help cause asthma and other respiratory complications. It’s not just the skin, it’s the entire immune system. And that’s just the effects that we know of. 

There are also some positive effects from fragrances. It’s well-known that some fragrances can be relaxing or affect the ambiance of an environment. But that hasn’t been well-studied. Some of these chemicals are very little-known. They could be toxic, but we don’t know. They’re just used in small amounts to produce fragrance, and for the most part, chemical regulations have been focused on bigger culprits. It’s just in the last decade or so that officials have paid attention to chemicals that show up in smaller quantities, like fragrances. 

For a very long time, fragrances were trade secrets, and specific chemicals weren’t listed as ingredients. Labels just said ‘fragrance.’ In the last 10 years, chemical regulations in Europe and in some states have introduced more discrimination of toxic chemicals that could include fragrances, but there’s a lot of work still to disclose the ingredients. For example, in the new cosmetics bill in Washington, there’s more information required on ingredients lists. That was already the case in California, for example, but it’s just starting. We aren’t the first ones to ever measure them, but to our knowledge we’ve measured the biggest number of fragrances. Also, our analysis suggests that not only nail products are contributing to fragrances, but also other products in the salons such as personal care products and cleaning agents are potential emission sources. 

Many people can identify the strong scent of a nail salon, but I’m not sure we consider that we’re actually smelling air pollution. How does that pollution affect nail salon workers?  

DC: Indoor air quality is important for anyone. The quality of our health depends on the air that we breathe. Even for a customer, nail salons are very fragrant and have many odors. Some people are very sensitive to odors. Even just talking about the odor itself can trigger a lot of health effects. People can get headaches, dizziness, and get nauseated. So, there are people that don’t go to nail salons because they can’t be in there. And that’s a customer. Imagine the workers.  

There are people who have to do this work because they don’t have training in anything else, and in surveys of the health of people who work in nail salons, it’s fairly prevalent to have headaches, irritation, fussiness — all the typical symptoms of odors, let alone toxic chemicals. It can deteriorate your well-being and quality of life, especially as some of these workers are on 12-hour shifts, seven days a week. So, it’s significant, the amount of time they’re exposed to these fragrances along with many other toxic chemicals. 

You note throughout your research that the air pollution in nail salons is something that can affect the air we all breathe — even if we never visit a salon. How is that possible? 

DC: It’s very important to lower chemical concentrations indoors because they eventually go outside and contribute to overall air pollution. It’s hard to control that in small businesses, but one thing that was clear when Boston was building a ventilation policy was that it was important to make sure businesses filtered out chemicals before they went out the window. Now we know that fragrances make up a considerable part of overall chemicals in nail salons and they’re adding to the mix. And since you have fragrances in a bunch of products, it all adds up. We must consider the accumulated burden that fragrances can have in the indoor environment and put more purposeful thought into how we produce products that contain those things — not just during the life cycle of the products, but also how they interact with the environment.  

There are policies right now that are trying to work on fragrances, but we need to learn more. It’s going to be a while before we can control or guide manufacturers better. It’s very early, but I think there’s a lot we can learn about fragrances in the future. 

Other authors on the June 19 paper are Chunrong Jia and Xianqiang Fu of the University of Memphis and Thomas Webster of Boston University.  

For more information or to reach Ceballos, contact Alden Woods at acwoods@uw.edu. 

Four years ago, as attention locked onto COVID-19, another virus began circling the globe. A major outbreak of a new strain of bird flu — formally named Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 — has since killed millions of wild birds and infected poultry, dairy cattle, domestic cats and a small number of humans.  

In the United States, four people have contracted the virus. The most recently confirmed case, a dairy worker in Michigan, was the first to experience flu-like respiratory symptoms. For now, federal health officials have deemed the virus a low risk to public health, while launching new studies and monitoring the virus’s spread. 

But what exactly are public health officials looking for? How is this virus different from previous H5N1 outbreaks? And how can a bird flu become humanity’s problem, anyway?  

UW News brought these questions and more to University of Washington experts Peter Rabinowitz, a professor of environmental and occupational health sciences and of family medicine, and Julianne Meisner, an assistant professor of epidemiology and of global health. They are director and deputy director, respectively, of UW’s Center for One Health Research, which studies the connections between the health of people, animals and our shared environment.

Peter, you recently called the current H5N1 outbreak “unprecedented” for bird flu. What makes this outbreak different, and why is it drawing so much attention from health officials?  

Peter Rabinowitz: Thirty years ago, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza were rare in birds. Beginning around 2003, a deadly strain of H5N1 avian influenza started spreading widely, but mostly impacted domestic poultry. Now this recent strain of H5N1 that has been circulating worldwide for the past two years is unprecedented in its ability to affect mammals. 

The H5N1 virus started with birds before “jumping” to dairy cattle and now a handful of humans. How does a virus “jump” between species like that, and what makes certain species vulnerable while others seem to resist the virus? 

PR: As they circulate, influenza viruses are continually changing some of their genetic material, acquiring new mutations in a process known as “genetic drift.” Sometimes when two different strains of a virus are present in the same host human (or animal), they can “recombine” to create a quite different strain.  

Health officials have said the chances of H5N1 becoming a major threat to humans are minimal, but that they’re monitoring the situation for any changes. What are they looking for?  

PR: Health officials are looking for evidence of mammal-to-mammal transmission in non-human mammals, and any evidence of person-to-person transmission, which could be a definite warning about H5N1’s potential to become an epidemic.  

The earliest cases of H5N1 in humans were mild — two dairy workers with eye infections — but the most recent case appears to be causing respiratory symptoms. That’s triggered alarm, of course, but what does that say about how the virus is evolving?  

Julianne Meisner: The location of symptoms can sometimes — though not always — tell us something about transmission. When symptoms are restricted to just the eye, it’s likely that transmission would require contact with the tissues around or fluids from the eye, similar to how pink eye (conjunctivitis) is transmitted. 

When health professionals see respiratory symptoms, we get concerned about transmission through droplets or aerosols. Because breathing is something every one of us needs to do, all of the time, respiratory transmission is incredibly efficient, and difficult to avoid. Also, some respiratory symptoms, such as coughing, can propel virus particles further, increasing the efficiency of transmission.  

Much has been made of H5N1 as the next possible pandemic. Should that happen, are there lessons we’ve learned from the COVID-19 pandemic that could help us navigate this one?  

PR: Yes, the lessons learned from COVID-19 in terms of rapid development of vaccines and the effectiveness of control measures such as masks would allow us to respond quickly. Unfortunately, everyone is quite tired of hearing about pandemics, so a challenge would be to capitalize on the helpful lessons learned and find a way to avoid misinformation and public backlash to a public health response.  

JM: While COVID has been very divisive in many ways, it has also familiarized many people with public health: People now know how to navigate dashboards on the health department’s website, and we have muscle memory regarding social distancing, mask wearing, handwashing, etc. Basic epidemiology principles such as quarantine, isolation, transmission rate, etc. are familiar to the general public now. But there is also a lot of fatigue, as Peter mentions, which may make it harder to implement public health countermeasures if they become necessary.  

You both study the connection between human and animal health. It’s easy for people to understand that animal diseases can spread to humans, but how else should we consider that relationship? 

PR: We should raise awareness about the terrible impact of the current avian influenza outbreak on wild and domestic animal populations: millions of poultry dying because of spreading infections, also hundreds of thousands of wild birds and mammals, including sea mammals such as sea lions and seals. An event like this represents a threat to biodiversity and the health of ecosystems, which we have learned is extremely important for human health. The concept of “One Health” stresses these vital connections between the health of humans, other species, and our shared ecosystems.  

To reach Rabinowitz or Meisner, contact Alden Woods of UW News at acwoods@uw.edu.  

Bob Wilbur thought he’d found a retirement home that would be a place of peace. Nestled against Admiralty Bay on the western edge of Whidbey Island, the three-story house is surrounded by trees and shoreline. It offers the kind of quiet that only an island can provide. Except when the Growlers fly. 

As often as four days a week, Boeing EA-18G Growler electronic attack aircraft based at the nearby Naval Air Station Whidbey Island fly loops overhead as pilots practice touch-and-go landings. The noise is immense, around the level of a loud rock concert. “It interrupts your day,” Wilbur said. “You’re unable to have a pleasant evening at home. You can’t communicate. You constantly try to organize your day around being gone when the jets are flying.” 

New research from the University of Washington shows that the noise isn’t just disruptive — it presents a substantial risk to public health. Published May 9 in the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, an analysis of the Navy’s own acoustic monitoring data found that more than 74,000 people are exposed to noise levels associated with adverse health effects.  

“Military aircraft noise is substantially more intense and disturbing than commercial jet noise,” said lead author Giordano Jacuzzi, a graduate student in the UW College of the Environment. “Noise exposure has many downstream effects beyond just annoyance and stress — high levels of sleep disturbance, hearing impairment, increased risk of cardiovascular disease — these have real impacts on human health and quality of life. We also found that several schools in the area are exposed to levels that have been shown to put children at risk of delayed learning.”

Guided by conversations with community members and local advocacy groups, researchers analyzed four weeks of acoustic and flight operations data collected by the Navy in 2020 and 2021, in addition to prior-year data collected by a private acoustics company and the National Park Service. Researchers then mapped noise exposure across the region to estimate how much noise specific communities were exposed to in an average year. 

Researchers estimated that two-thirds of Island County residents, including everyone in the cities of Oak Harbor and Coupeville, were exposed to potentially harmful levels of noise, as was 85% of the population of the Swinomish Indian Reservation.  

In total, an estimated 74,316 people were exposed to average noise levels that posed a risk of annoyance, 41,089 of whom were exposed to nighttime noise levels associated with adverse effects on sleep. Another 8,059 people — most of whom lived within fairly close proximity to aircraft landing strips – were exposed to noise levels that can pose a risk of hearing impairment over time. 

“Our bodies produce a lot of stress hormone response to noise in general, it doesn’t matter what kind of noise it is. But particularly if it’s this repeated acute noise, you might expect that stress hormone response to be exacerbated,” said co-author Edmund Seto, a UW professor of environmental and occupational health sciences. “What was really interesting was that we’re reaching noise exposure levels that are actually harmful for hearing. Usually I only think of hearing in the context of working in factories or other really, really loud occupational settings. But here, we’re reaching those levels for the community.”  

Taken as a whole, the potential harms can be quite serious, Seto said. “Imagine people trying to sleep, or children in school trying to understand their teachers and you’ve got these jets flying.” 

Every monitoring station on Whidbey Island measured noise events in excess of 100 decibels when jets were flying. In some instances, noise levels were “off the charts” — exceeding the limits of models used to predict the health effects of noise exposure around the world.  

“We found it striking that Growler noise exceeds the scientific community’s current understanding of the potential health outcomes,” said co-author Julian Olden, a UW professor of aquatic and fishery sciences. “For this reason, our estimates of health impacts are conservative.” 

The noise has been the subject of community disputes and legal controversy since 2013, when the U.S. Navy moved more Growler jets onto Whidbey Island and increased the number of flights to more than 110,000 per year. Bob Wilbur is a member and the current chair of Citizens of Ebey’s Reserve, a community group that has sued the Navy over the jet noise and increased flight operations. The group also helped facilitate the UW study, and Wilbur is a co-author.  

Like other military aircraft, the Growlers’ noise differs significantly from commercial jets — louder and deeper, the kind of sound that people feel before they hear.  

“It’s the intensity, the intermittent nature of the noise, and the low-frequency energy specifically,” Jacuzzi said. “Those three things are very different than what you experience from normal commercial flights, which are predictable and high in altitude. When Growlers fly over a home, they emit a rumbling noise that penetrates windows and shakes walls.”  

While commercial jet noise has been the subject of extensive study, research into military aircraft noise is relatively rare. Previous UW-led research found that military flights were the largest cause of noise pollution on the Olympic Peninsula. While discussing that study, Whidbey residents complained that the noise disturbed their sleep and interfered with students’ schoolwork, which prompted this new line of inquiry. While conducting this study, researchers worked closely with community members and advocacy groups and held multiple webinars to share results and shape future work.  

“Our research was motivated by the growing chorus of complaints by Washingtonians across multiple counties,” Olden said. “We believe the science speaks for itself. It’s no longer a question of whether noise impacts people, but how, where and how much these effects are experienced.” 

Other authors are Lauren Kuehne of Omfishient Consulting, and Anne Harvey and Christine Hurley of Sound Defense Alliance. This research was funded by the UW Population Health Initiative.

For more information, contact Jacuzzi at gioj@uw.edu. 

Social media. The climate crisis. Political polarization. The tumult of a pandemic and online learning. Teens today are dealing with unprecedented stressors, and over the past decade their mental health has been in sustained decline. Levels of anxiety and depression rose after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compounding the problem is a shortage of mental health providers — for every 100,000 children in the U.S., there are only 14 child and adolescent psychiatrists.

In response to this crisis, University of Washington researchers studied whether virtual reality might help reduce stress for teens and boost mental health. Working with adolescents, the team designed a snowy virtual world with six activities — such as stacking rocks and painting — based on practices shown to improve mental health.

In a 3-week study of 44 Seattle teens, researchers found that teens used the technology an average of twice a week without being prompted and reported lower stress levels and improved mood while using it, though their levels of anxiety and depression didn’t decline overall.

The researchers published their findings April 22 in the journal JMIR XR and Spatial Computing. The system is not publicly available.

 

“We know what works to help support teens, but a lot of these techniques are inaccessible because they’re locked into counseling, which can be expensive, or the counselors just aren’t available,” said lead author Elin Björling, a UW senior research scientist in the human centered design and engineering department. “So we tried to take some of these evidence-based practices, but put them in a much more engaging environment, like VR, so the teens might want to do them on their own.”

The world of Relaxation Environment for Stress in Teens, or RESeT, came from conversations the researchers had with groups of teens over two years at Seattle Public Library sites. From these discussions, the team built RESeT as an open winter world with a forest that users could explore by swinging their arms (a behavior known to boost mood) to move their avatar. A signpost with six arrows on it sent users to different activities, each based on methods shown to improve mental health, such as dialectical behavior therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction.

In one exercise, “Riverboat,” users put negative words in paper boats and send them down a river. Another, “Rabbit Hole,” has players stand by a stump; the longer they’re still, the more rabbits appear.

“In the co-design process, we learned some teens were really afraid of squirrels, which I wouldn’t have thought of,” Björling said. “So we removed all the squirrels. I still have a Post-It in my office that says ‘delete squirrels.’ But all ages and genders loved rabbits, so we designed Rabbit Hole, where the reward for being calm and paying attention is a lot of rabbits surrounding you.”

To test the potential effects of RESeT on teens’ mental health, the team enrolled 44 teens between ages 14 and 18 in the study. Each teen was given a Meta Quest 2 headset and asked to use RESeT three to five times a week Because the researchers were trying to see if teens would use RESeT regularly on their own, they did not give prompts or incentives to use the headsets after the start of the study. Teens were asked to complete surveys gauging their stress and mood before and after each session.

On average, the teens used RESeT twice a week for 11.5 minutes at a time. Overall, they reported feeling significantly less stressed while using RESeT, and also reported smaller improvements in mood. They said they liked using the headset in general. However, the study found no significant effects on anxiety and depression.

“Reduced stress and improved mood are our key findings and exactly what we hoped for,” said co-author Jennifer Sonney, an associate professor in the UW School of Nursing who works with children and families. “We didn’t have a big enough participant group or a design to study long-term health impacts, but we have promising signals that teens liked using RESeT and could administer it themselves, so we absolutely want to move the project forward.”

The researchers aim to conduct a larger, longer-term study with a control group to see if a VR system could impart lasting effects on mood and stress. They’re also interested in incorporating artificial intelligence to personalize the VR experience and in exploring offering VR headsets in schools or libraries to improve community access.

Additional co-authors were Himanshu Zade, a UW lecturer and researcher at Microsoft; Sofia Rodriguez, a senior manager at Electronic Arts who completed this research as a UW master’s student in human centered design and engineering; Michael D. Pullmann, a research professor in psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the UW School of Medicine; and Soo Hyun Moon, a senior product designer at Statsig who completed this research as a UW master’s student in human centered design and engineering. This research was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health through the UW ALACRITY Center, which supports UW research on mental health.

For more information, contact Björling at bjorling@uw.edu and Sonney at jsonney@uw.edu.

As unprecedented as the outbreak of COVID-19 felt, it was far from the first time a deadly disease has swept the globe. Historians have identified epidemics and pandemics dating as far back as 430 B.C. Records tell us how these diseases spread and how many people died, but not people’s personal experiences of the crises.  

COVID-19 presented a rare opportunity to document in real-time how people processed the tumult of a pandemic, and how necessary public health measures affected their lives. Starting in the earliest days of the 2020 outbreak, a team of researchers at the University of Washington conducted real-time surveys of King County residents, asking what measures people had taken to protect themselves, how their daily lives had been affected and what worried them most.  

The results, published in February in the journal PLOS One, provide a glimpse into the subtle effects that public health measures like social distancing and stay-at-home orders had on the community.  

UW News spoke with Kathleen Moloney, research scientist at the UW Collaborative on Extreme Event Resilience, and Nicole Errett, a UW assistant professor of environmental and occupational health sciences and director of the new Center for Disaster Resilient Communities, to discuss the study, how people experienced those early months and what public health practitioners can learn for future pandemics.  

It’s been four years since COVID-19 changed all our lives, and more than two years since we started to emerge into this new normal. Why is it important to share this research now, to understand people’s experiences of the pandemic and collective efforts to limit COVID’s spread?  

Kathleen Moloney: Unfortunately, COVID-19 is unlikely to be the last pandemic we face. To fully understand this pandemic’s impacts and better prepare for the next, we need research studies like ours — where data was collected in real time, from March to May of 2020 — that document the lived experiences of communities during the pandemic. For example, by documenting how people in King County experienced the social distancing measures in real-time, our study provides valuable insights into which negative impacts were most acute during the early stages of the pandemic. Our results, combined with evidence from other research studies, can provide direction for researchers and policymakers to explore effective interventions for future pandemics. 

Nicole Errett: It is really important to start collecting data in the immediate aftermath of a disaster to understand effects on health and well-being, but researchers face a variety of administrative, logistical and ethical challenges when designing rapid-response research studies. By sharing our approach in this paper, we can provide ideas and guidance for other investigators while designing studies for future disasters, whether those are caused by an infectious disease or natural hazard.  

The COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented in a lot of ways, and was for most Americans the most significant disruption to our daily lives ever. How unusual are events like this in human history? What do we know about how past pandemics and epidemics have affected the people who lived through them?  

KM: During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, we often heard comparisons to the 1918 influenza pandemic, as closures of schools, businesses and other community gathering spaces were implemented in response to both. However, it isn’t really possible to compare the experiences of those who lived through COVID-19 with those who lived through the 1918 Flu and other pandemics throughout history, because there weren’t any research studies conducted at the time to document those experiences. That’s why rapid-response disaster research, like our study, is so important.  

In the paper you evaluate the unintended impacts of efforts to slow the pandemic, like people losing their jobs and students falling behind in school. How do you think about that delicate balance between public health and individual well-being?  

KM: I don’t think of protecting public health and individual well-being as opposing priorities that need to be balanced. Public health, as a field, is dedicated to protecting and improving the health and well-being of the individuals that make up communities. Disruptions to employment and schooling can negatively impact long-term health outcomes, and ideally, these potential consequences should be considered when thinking through the type and duration of social distancing measures. Unfortunately, all the empirical research needed to inform those decisions was limited prior to this pandemic.  

You asked participants about steps they took to protect themselves at the height of the pandemic. Some steps had pretty low rates of participation — for example, only 63% of people said they stopped going to the gym, and 82% of people avoided large gatherings. What does that say about the effectiveness of our collective response to the pandemic?  

KM: I want to give the caveat that our survey only captured participants’ self-reported behavior at a single point in time. For example, someone who responded to the survey on March 19th, 2020, that they had not stopped going to the gym might have stopped the next week, when the statewide Stay Home, Stay Safe order was issued. Our survey was also a convenience sample, and therefore shouldn’t be considered representative of the compliance of King County residents as a whole with various social distancing recommendations.  

With that said, those numbers were still slightly surprising. The narrative we often hear of public acceptance of COVID-19 social distancing measures is that compliance was initially high, and then decreased over time due to factors such as message fatigue — there’s research documenting this phenomenon. We need additional research to confirm this, but our results might indicate that there was also an initial lag in compliance with the social distancing recommendations implemented in response to COVID-19.  

Overall, these measures still appear to have been effective, despite imperfect or slightly delayed compliance among certain residents. 

NE: At the time of our survey, our understanding of disease transmission was still evolving. It’s possible that people took measures they thought were protective (like hand washing) while attending these gatherings, based on their understanding of transmission at the time. It would have been interesting to re-survey folks at various time points throughout the pandemic to see how their behavior evolved as the pandemic, and our understanding of the disease, progressed. 

You evaluated participants’ well-being as described in their written stories about their experience. What trends appeared there, and were they what you expected to find?  

KM: Two findings surprised me in particular. First, less than half of our participants described impacts to their social life — I expected the percentage to be much higher. It would be interesting to know how that result might change if we surveyed the same participants at a later point in the pandemic, when social distancing measures had been in place for longer. I was also surprised to see the poorest average well-being reported by those over the age 65, and the highest average well-being reported by 18-to-34 year olds. This is in contrast to several other national-scale studies in the US and Europe, which found worse mental health impacts in young adults.  

Given that older adults are more likely to reside alone in the U.S. than in most other countries and report high rates of social isolation and loneliness even during non-pandemic times, interventions to mitigate the mental health impacts of future pandemics on older adults probably deserve special attention.  

In their written responses, participants most frequently described a negative financial or employment-related impact, even more than social impacts. How might that change how we prepare to help people through future crises?  

KM: Knowing which negative impacts are most prevalent at various points in the pandemic, and how these impacts differ between groups, can help us develop more specific, more effective interventions to prevent these unintended consequences in the future. We saw that employment and financial impacts were the top concern for every age group except those 65 and older — this group expressed higher concern about physical health and social impacts. So while an early intervention to mitigate the financial impacts of a future crisis on younger adults could be effective, we would likely want to prioritize different resources for older adults.  

What’s also interesting is that many of the concerns our participants reported, both in written narratives and the close-ended survey questions, were about impacts to others, rather than themselves. Concern and empathy for fellow community members’ well-being is something that we should want to cultivate for many reasons, but specifically in a pandemic context, there’s evidence that decreased concern for others’ well-being is correlated with decreased compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions. Something we should also think about while preparing for future crises is how we can foster the concern for others and the sense of community that were clearly present during the early stages of the pandemic to make sure they endure.  

NE: The pandemic influenced the development — or at least accelerated the uptake — of systems that allowed many folks to work safely from the comfort of their own home without financial or employment impacts. However, folks with jobs in “essential” services and sectors often had to physically report to work, and often interface with the public. My colleague, Marissa Baker, found that folks that couldn’t work from home are lower paid. Accordingly, I’d suspect that employment and financial concerns would be disproportionately borne among lower wage workers, who would have to choose between their health and safety and their income. In advance of the next pandemic, we need to figure out ways to keep these folks safe and at work.  

For more information, contact Errett at nerrett@uw.edu or Moloney at kmoloney@uw.edu. 

DALLAS, June 4, 2024 — Significant barriers prevent or slow treatment for many patients with stroke, including long travel times to stroke center hospitals and the lack of availability of stroke specialists who can evaluate the patient and determine if they are a candidate for treatment.[1] Telehealth stroke care, also known as telestroke, can expand access to rural areas and other communities that face barriers to stroke care.

A new American Heart Association certification for health care professionals is designed to help standardize training and increase skills and competencies for health care providers in telehealth stroke care delivery, as well as help improve stroke outcomes through the integration of telehealth. This is the third individual certification available through the American Heart Association’s best-in-class, science-based certification portfolio.

An estimated 9.4 million Americans ages 20 and older have had a stroke, and stroke accounts for about 1 of every 19 deaths in the United States.[2] Stroke is a leading cause of serious long-term disability in the United States. And the problem is only getting worse — projections show a 20.5% increase in stroke prevalence by 2030.[3]

Telehealth stroke care uses interactive videoconferencing to provide specialists timely data to assist clinicians at the bedside in stroke-related decision-making for people seeking care at distant facilities that do not have a stroke neurologist available around the clock.

“Timely access to the latest therapies through expanded use of telehealth-enabled stroke care has been shown to greatly improve the quality of care and reduce disability from stroke, especially in areas with fewer neurologists and stroke experts,” said Lee Schwamm, M.D., FAHA, volunteer member of the American Heart Association Center for Telehealth Expert Panel; senior vice president and chief digital health officer of Yale New Haven Health; and associate dean of digital strategy and transformation at Yale School of Medicine. “The American Heart Association’s individual telehealth stroke certification is a way for health care professionals to ensure they are providing the highest quality of care and leveraging this evolving delivery modality to its fullest potential.” 

The new telehealth individual certification, supported by the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, is available through the Association’s Professional Education Hub™. The certification is an offering of the American Heart Association Center for Telehealth.

The certification is open to licensed medical professionals who complete prerequisite education. The certification process features:

• high-quality, evidence-based online telehealth stroke education that combines research, hands-on experiences and best practices;
• assessment delivery via live remote-proctoring, certification award and renewal via American Heart Association platforms; and
• individual promotional opportunities by display of personalized certificate award and credentials, which are good for three years.

Additional Resources:

• VIDEO: ​Lee Schwamm, M.D., Chief Digital Health Officer for the Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Health System and Association Dean for Digital Strategy and Transformation, shares the journey and benefits of telestroke, improving access to time critical treatment through telehealth. 
• Spanish news release
• New telehealth certification available to health care professionals | American Heart Association
• Telehealth | American Heart Association
• Telestroke Fact Sheet (heart.org)

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About the American Heart Association
The American Heart Association is a relentless force for a world of longer, healthier lives. We are dedicated to ensuring equitable health in all communities. Through collaboration with numerous organizations, and powered by millions of volunteers, we fund innovative research, advocate for the public’s health and share lifesaving resources. The Dallas-based organization has been a leading source of health information for a century. During 2024 - our Centennial year - we celebrate our rich 100-year history and accomplishments. As we forge ahead into our second century of bold discovery and impact our vision is to advance health and hope for everyone, everywhere. Connect with us on heart.org, Facebook, X or by calling 1-800-AHA-USA1.   

About The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust aspires to improve lives by supporting exceptional efforts in the U.S. and around the world in health and select place-based initiatives. Since beginning active grantmaking in 2008, Helmsley has committed more than $4.5 billion for a wide range of charitable purposes. Helmsley’s Rural Healthcare Program funds innovative projects that use information technologies to connect rural patients to emergency medical care, bring the latest medical therapies to patients in remote areas, and provide state-of-the-art training for rural hospitals and EMS personnel. To date, this program has awarded more than $600 million to organizations and initiatives in the states of Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. For more information, visit https://helmsleytrust.org/. 

For Media Inquiries: 214-706-1173

Michelle Rosenfeld: 214-706-1099; michelle.rosenfeld@heart.org

For Public Inquiries: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)

heart.org and stroke.org

DALLAS, 4 de junio de 2024 — Significativas barreras impiden o retrasan el tratamiento para muchos pacientes que han sufrido un derrame cerebral, incluidos los largos tiempos de viaje a hospitales especializados y la falta de disponibilidad de especialistas en esta patología que puedan evaluar al paciente y determinar si son candidatos para el tratamiento.[1] La atención de telesalud por derrame cerebral, también conocida en inglés como telestroke, puede ampliar el acceso a áreas rurales y otras comunidades que enfrentan barreras para la atención de esta patología.

Una nueva certificación de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) para profesionales de la salud está diseñada para ayudar a estandarizar la capacitación y aumentar las habilidades y competencias de los proveedores de cuidados de salud en la prestación de atención de telesalud por derrame cerebral, así como para ayudar a mejorar los resultados de un derrame cerebral mediante la integración de la telesalud. Esta es la tercera certificación individual disponible a través del portafolio de certificaciones de primer nivel, basadas en la ciencia, de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón).

Se estima que 9.4 millones de estadounidenses de 20 años o más han sufrido un derrame cerebral, y esta afección representa aproximadamente 1 de cada 19 muertes en los Estados Unidos.[2] El derrame cerebral sigue siendo la causa principal de discapacidad a largo plazo en los Estados Unidos. Y el problema no hace más que empeorar; las proyecciones muestran un aumento del 20.5 % en la prevalencia de derrames cerebrales para 2030.[3]

La atención de telesalud para derrames cerebrales utiliza videoconferencias interactivas para proporcionar a los especialistas datos oportunos que ayuden a los médicos de cabecera en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con el derrame cerebral para las personas que buscan atención en centros distantes que no cuentan con un neurólogo especializado en este tipo de enfermedades disponible las 24 horas.

“Se ha demostrado que el acceso oportuno a las últimas terapias mediante el uso ampliado de la atención de derrames cerebrales habilitada por telesalud mejora en gran medida la calidad de la atención y reduce la discapacidad por derrame cerebral, especialmente en áreas con menos neurólogos y expertos en este tipo de accidentes”, dijo Lee Schwamm, M.D., FAHA , miembro voluntario del Panel de Expertos del Centro de Telesalud de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón); Vicepresidente Sénior y Director de Salud Digital de Yale New Haven Health; y Decano Asociado de Estrategia y Transformación Digital de Yale School of Medicine. “La certificación individual en telesalud para derrame cerebral de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) es una forma para que los profesionales de la salud se aseguren de proporcionar el más alto nivel de atención y aprovechen esta modalidad de prestación en constante evolución a su máximo potencial”. 

La nueva certificación individual de telesalud, respaldada por The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, está disponible a través Professional Education Hub™ de la Asociación. La certificación es una oferta del Centro de telesalud de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón).

La certificación está abierta a los profesionales médicos con licencia que completen la formación previa. El proceso de certificación incluye lo siguiente:

• Educación sobre derrames cerebrales en telesalud en línea de alta calidad basada en evidencia, que combina investigación, experiencias prácticas y mejores prácticas;
• realización de evaluaciones a distancia en directo, concesión y renovación de certificaciones a través de las plataformas de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) y
• oportunidades promocionales individuales mediante la exhibición de certificados personalizados y credenciales, con una validez de tres años.

Recursos adicionales:

• VIDEO: ​Lee Schwamm, M.D., Chief Digital Health Officer for the Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Health System and Association Dean for Digital Strategy and Transformation, shares the journey and benefits of telestroke, improving access to time critical treatment through telehealth. 
• Comunicado de prensa en inglés
• Nueva certificación en telesalud disponible para profesionales de la salud | American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón)
• Telesalud | American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón)
• Hoja informativa sobre telestroke (heart.org)

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Acerca de la American Heart Association
La American Heart Association es una fuerza incansable cuyo objetivo es prolongar la vida y la salud de todos. Nos dedicamos a garantizar la igualdad en materia de salud en todas las comunidades. A través de la colaboración con numerosas organizaciones y el impulso de millones de voluntarios, financiamos investigaciones innovadoras, defendemos la salud pública y compartimos recursos para salvar vidas. La organización con sede en Dallas ha sido una fuente de información sobre salud líder durante un siglo. Durante 2024, el año de nuestro centenario, celebraremos 100 años de historia y logros relevantes. Mientras nos preparamos para el segundo siglo de descubrimiento e impacto, nuestra visión es promover la salud y la esperanza para todos, en todo el mundo. Comuníquese con nosotros en heart.org, Facebook, X o llamando al 1-800-AHA-USA1.

Acerca de The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust aspira a mejorar vidas apoyando esfuerzos excepcionales en los Estados Unidos y en todo el mundo en materia de salud e iniciativas selectas basadas en el lugar. Desde 2008, cuando Helmsley comenzó a otorgar subvenciones de manera activa, ha comprometido más de $4,500 millones para una amplia gama de fines benéficos. El Programa de Atención Médica Rural de Helmsley financia proyectos innovadores que utilizan tecnologías de la información para conectar a los pacientes rurales con atención médica de emergencia, llevar las últimas terapias médicas a pacientes en áreas remotas y brindar capacitación de última generación para hospitales rurales y personal de servicios de emergencia médica. Hasta la fecha, este programa ha otorgado más de $600 millones a organizaciones e iniciativas en los estados de Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Dakota del Norte, Dakota del Sur y Wyoming. Para obtener más información, visite https://helmsleytrust.org/.

Para consultas de medios de comunicación: 214-706-1173

Michelle Rosenfeld: 214-706-1099; michelle.rosenfeld@heart.org

Para consultas públicas: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)

heart.org y stroke.org 

DALLAS, May 20, 2024 — The American Heart Association, which is marking 100 years of service saving lives, and its Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund received a $900,000 grant from the Walmart Foundation through the Walmart.org Center for Racial Equity. The Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund is an Association Social Impact Fund supporting local community organizations working to break down socioeconomic barriers to health in under-resourced communities.

This recent infusion of funding will support companies and organizations that combat food insecurity in targeted local communities. The Association’s Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund provides essential financial capital to these enterprises that, in many cases, struggle to source private venture capital or alternative sources of funding that allows them to accelerate their growth and scale their impact. Previous financial support from the Walmart Foundation has already enabled more than 20 social benefit organizations across Atlanta and Chicago to improve local food ecosystems.

“The Walmart.org Center for Racial Equity is dedicated to strengthening communities by addressing food insecurity to deliver health equity for all,” said Julie Gehrki, vice president and COO, Walmart Foundation. “We are proud to extend our support of the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund to help community-based entrepreneurs build sustainable programs that expand access to affordable and healthy food.”

Recipients of funding from the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund include both non-profit organizations and for-profit companies working to positively impact the risk factors that affect cardiovascular health in historically excluded communities. Access to healthy food is a key factor in maintaining heart health since only 10% of adults in the U.S. consume the recommended daily fruit and vegetable intake to support a healthy lifestyle[1]. Through the Walmart Foundation’s contributions, the Fund specifically supports social enterprises offering solutions that address food security especially among mothers, infants and those with diabetes.

“Many social impact entrepreneurs lack the resources and funding they need to grow successfully,” said Nancy Brown, chief executive officer for the American Heart Association. “With help from generous supporters like the Walmart Foundation, the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund supports organizations that have a deep understanding of and commitment to the people within the communities in which they work and a track record of sustainability so they can make a difference for the long term.”

Since 2018, the American Heart Association’s Social Impact Funds, including the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund, have provided financial support to more than 130 for-profit and not-for-profit enterprises addressing key social drivers of health across the country. The Social Impact Funds invest in organizations improving health equity by addressing such issues as access to quality health care, food insecurity and economic empowerment, all factors that can deeply impact cardiovascular health.

Additional Resources

• 100 years of lifesaving work: 2024 Centennial advances health and hope
• AHA Social Impact Funds aim to improve health disparities in under-resourced communities
• AHA, Walmart Foundation strengthen food ecosystems to improve food access
• AHA’s 10 Commitments: advancing cardiovascular health for all including identifying and removing barriers to health care access and quality 

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About the American Heart Association

The American Heart Association is a relentless force for a world of longer, healthier lives. We are dedicated to ensuring equitable health in all communities. Through collaboration with numerous organizations, and powered by millions of volunteers, we fund innovative research, advocate for the public’s health and share lifesaving resources. The Dallas-based organization has been a leading source of health information for a century. During 2024 – our Centennial year – we celebrate our rich 100-year history and accomplishments. As we forge ahead into our second century of bold discovery and impact, our vision is to advance health and hope for everyone, everywhere. Connect with us on heart.org, Facebook, X or by calling 1-800-AHA-USA1.  

About the American Heart Association Social Impact Funds
The American Heart Association’s Social Impact Funds, including the Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund, channel capital to small and medium-sized organizations that know their community best and whose ideas accelerate innovation to address local community and national health challenges. With a focus on improving health equity and expanding access to capital, the Funds support accessible, high quality health care, food security and economic empowerment. Since launching in 2018, the Funds have provided $21.5 million in financial support to more than 130 local enterprises to positively impact the well-being of nearly 5 million people. Learn more about our work at heart.org/socialimpactfund.

For Media Inquiries: 214-706-1173

Rebecca Torres-Fisher, rebecca.torres@heart.org

For Public Inquiries: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)
heart.org and stroke.org

DALLAS, 16 de mayo de 2024 - La American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) , una fuerza global cuyo objetivo es una vida más saludable para todos y la cual celebra 100 años de servicio para salvar vidas, es reconocida como empleador ejemplar por Fair360 en dos categorías: Empresas Líderes para Junta Directiva y Empresas Destacadas. Fair360, anteriormente conocida como DiversityInc, utiliza datos comparativos para ayudar a las organizaciones a desarrollar lugares de trabajo justos e inclusivos utilizando información de referencia y de mejores prácticas. La lista completa de los premiados 2024 está disponible en el sitio web de Fair360.

Esta evaluación anual reconoce a los empleadores de los EE. UU. por su excelencia en la promoción de la equidad en el lugar de trabajo a través de áreas clave que incluyen la gestión total, programas de talento, responsabilidad del liderazgo, prácticas laborales, equidad de proveedores y filantropía. Los resultados se derivan de encuestas enviadas por empleadores con más de 750 empleados en los Estados Unidos.

La Asociación sin fines de lucro aparecía en el primer lugar entre las Mejores Empresas para Junta Directiva y como una de las Empresas Destacadas; el último premio de una serie de reconocimientos recientes a la diversidad por parte de varias organizaciones.

“La American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) se enorgullece de ser reconocida por Fair360 por nuestro fuerte compromiso con la diversidad, la equidad y la inclusión, lo cual es especialmente significativo en el año de nuestro centenario”, dijo la Directora Ejecutiva Nancy Brown. “Es fundamental para nuestra misión de salvar vidas e increíblemente importante para todos nosotros tener un lugar de trabajo que promueva la salud y el bienestar de cada empleado”.

Desde su fundación en el año 1924, la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) ha luchado contra las enfermedades cardíacas y los ataques o derrames cerebrales y ha ayudado a las familias y a las comunidades a prosperar. La misión de la Asociación es ser una fuerza implacable para un mundo con vidas más largas y saludables, independientemente de raza, etnia, género, religión, edad, idioma, orientación sexual, nacionalidad y capacidades físicas o cognitivas. Los líderes, voluntarios y personal de la organización están comprometidos a garantizar que la fuerza laboral, el lugar de trabajo y la misión de la Asociación tengan un impacto compartido en las diversas poblaciones de los Estados Unidos. Puede encontrar más información sobre el compromiso de la Asociación con la diversidad y la inclusión en www.heart.org/diversidad.

Otros reconocimientos recientes para la Asociación incluyen Mejor Empleador de Medianas Empresas de los Estados Unidos por Forbes, Firmante de Compromiso de AARP, Empleador Amigable con las Personas Mayores y Empleador Certificado Líder en Discapacidad de la Organización Nacional sobre Discapacidad.

Recursos adicionales:

• comunicado de prensa en inglés
• Sitio web de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón)
• Portal de empleo de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) 

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Acerca de la American Heart Association

La American Heart Association es una fuerza incansable cuyo objetivo es prolongar la vida y la salud de todos. Nos dedicamos a garantizar la igualdad en la salud de todas las comunidades. A través de la colaboración con numerosas organizaciones y la ayuda de millones de voluntarios, financiamos investigaciones innovadoras, defendemos la salud pública y compartimos recursos que salvan vidas. La organización con sede en Dallas ha sido una fuente de información sobre salud líder durante un siglo. Durante 2024, el año de nuestro centenario, celebraremos 100 años de historia y logros relevantes. Mientras nos preparamos para el segundo siglo de descubrimiento e impacto, nuestra visión es promover la salud y la esperanza para todos, en todo el mundo. Comuníquese con nosotros a través de heart.org, Facebook, X o llamándonos al 1-800-AHA-USA1.   

Para consultas sobre medios de comunicación: 214-706-1173
Para consultas públicas: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)
heart.org y stroke.org

DALLAS, 16 de mayo de 2024 - Las muertes relacionadas con el embarazo en EE. UU. han aumentado un 140% en las últimas tres décadas y las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa.[1] A pesar de las pautas médicas existentes sobre el embarazo y la salud cardiovascular, las tendencias actuales en los resultados médicos sugieren una oportunidad significativa para mejorar el sistema de atención, especialmente en el periodo posparto. 

La American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón), la principal organización voluntaria del mundo centrada en la salud del corazón y el cerebro, que este año conmemora 100 años de servicio para salvar vidas, convocó recientemente a un grupo de líderes de opinión para elaborar recomendaciones exhaustivas con el fin de mejorar los sistemas de atención posparto. El grupo también analizó la educación de los profesionales de la salud sobre los riesgos cardiovasculares relacionados con el embarazo, con el objetivo de mejorar los resultados de la salud materna y reducir las disparidades.

“El embarazo es una prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar que puede desenmascarar enfermedades cardiovasculares subyacentes o revelar una mayor propensión a desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares en el futuro como consecuencia de acontecimientos o resultados adversos durante el embarazo”, afirma la doctora Rachel Bond, miembro voluntario del Grupo de redacción del sistema de atención posparto de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) y especialista en prevención y salud cardiaca de la mujer. “Las enfermedades cardiacas durante el embarazo dejan a las parturientas con un mayor riesgo de por vida de sufrir enfermedades cardiovasculares después del parto y conllevan un mayor riesgo para sus hijos”.

Las nuevas recomendaciones requieren:

• acceso a una cobertura sanitaria completa durante los 12 primeros meses tras el parto para todas las pacientes puérperas;
• educación estandarizada para todos los profesionales sanitarios que puedan encontrarse con una paciente embarazada o puérpera;
• ​atención integral centrada en la paciente, así como colaboración y respeto por todos los miembros del equipo de maternidad, incluidas las parteras, las doulas, los profesionales de la salud mental, los trabajadores comunitarios de la salud, entre otros; y
• control de los factores de riesgo durante la atención rutinaria preconcepcional e interconcepcional, incluida la detección de factores de riesgo cardiovascular como la presión arterial, el perfil lipídico en ayunas, el peso y la intolerancia a la glucosa/diabetes y otros biomarcadores menos conocidos. ​

Se trata del último avance de la Iniciativa para el avance de la salud materna mediante la mejora de la calidad y la educación profesional integral de la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón), lanzada en julio de 2022 con el apoyo financiero de Merck for Mothers, el esfuerzo global de Merck en materia de salud materna para ayudar a crear un mundo en el que nadie tenga que morir al dar a luz.

“Apoyamos con orgullo a la American Heart Association (la Asociación Americana del Corazón) en su incansable labor encaminada a construir vidas más largas y saludables”, comentó Jacquelyn Caglia, directora de aprendizaje, comunicaciones y programas estadounidenses de Merck for Mothers. “Estas nuevas recomendaciones ampliarían enormemente el acceso a una atención materna de alta calidad para todas las mujeres del país y son especialmente importantes para los grupos infrarrepresentados, que sabemos que tienen más probabilidades de verse afectados por factores de riesgo potencialmente mortales, como las enfermedades cardiovasculares”.

En una fase anterior de la Iniciativa para el avance de la salud materna, la Asociación lanzó un curso en su Professional Education Hub™ sobre el papel de la salud cardiovascular en la salud materna. En el curso, expertos interdisciplinarios identifican y explican el mayor riesgo cardiovascular y las comorbilidades coadyuvantes que afectan a las mujeres embarazadas y puérperas con afecciones cardiovasculares.

La siguiente fase de este importante trabajo incluye convocar a líderes y profesionales clínicos de la salud materna que puedan determinar formas de integrar las recomendaciones adecuadamente y supervisar el proceso de inclusión, así como los resultados de su adopción. ​

 Recursos adicionales:

• Comunicado de prensa en inglés
• Oportunidades en el periodo puerperal para reducir el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular tras resultados adversos en el embarazo - Professional Heart Daily
• Los factores de riesgo de enfermedades cardiacas en las mujeres ponen de relieve la necesidad de una mayor concienciación y prevención | American Heart Association
• Optimización del abordaje de los resultados adversos del embarazo y el riesgo cardiovascular a largo plazo: Oportunidades perdidas y orientaciones futuras - Professional Heart Daily
• Recursos y herramientas sobre el embarazo y la salud materna | Go Red for Women
• Llamada a la acción: Proteger la salud materna y salvar a las madres: Una declaración científica de la American Heart Association

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 Acerca de la American Heart Association
La American Heart Association es una fuerza incansable cuyo objetivo es prolongar la vida y la salud de las personas. Nos dedicamos a garantizar la igualdad en materia de salud en todas las comunidades. A través de la colaboración con numerosas organizaciones y el impulso de millones de voluntarios, financiamos investigaciones innovadoras, defendemos la salud pública y compartimos recursos para salvar vidas. La organización con sede en Dallas ha sido una fuente de información sobre salud líder durante un siglo. Durante 2024, el año de nuestro centenario, celebraremos 100 años de historia y logros relevantes. Mientras nos preparamos para el segundo siglo de descubrimiento e impacto, nuestra visión es promover la salud y la esperanza para todos, en todo el mundo. Conéctese con nosotros a través de heart.org, Facebook, X o llamando al 1-800-AHA-USA1.  

Para consultas de medios de comunicación: 214-706-1173

Karen Springs: 214-706-4831; karen.springs@heart.org

Para consultas públicas: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)

heart.org y stroke.org